In the first time, we should learn about words in Japanese and how to read it.
There are 4 kind of words in Japanese

1. Hiragana
   Used to write original Japanese words, and can be used to subtitute Kanji.

2. Katakana
   Used to write named and words that have been borrowed from other language .

3. Kanji
   Kanji is the most common used in Japan. Kanji are taken from Chinese words.

4. Romaji
   Romaji is a latin.

There are 5 vowels in the Japanese language.

(a), pronounced “awful”,
(i), pronounced like “ill” in “ill”,
(u), pronounced like “oo” in “soon”,
(e), pronounced like “e” in “end”, and
(o), pronounced “ohh”.

All Hiragana characters end with one of these vowels, with the exception of (n).

Exceptions:

Some words when used as particle, will be pronounced different. Such as :
1. は (ha) is pronounced “wa” when it used as a particle to explain subject.
2. へ (he) is pronounced “e” when it used as a particle follows a place or direction.
3. を (wo) is pronounced “o” when it used as a particle follows an object.

So, these are Hiragana

Chapter 1 : Hiragana

あ a	い i	う u	え e	お o
か ka	き ki	く ku	け ke	こ ko
さ sa	し shi	す su	せ se	そ so
た ta	ち chi	つ tsu	て te	と to
な na	に ni	ぬ nu	ね ne	の no
は ha	ひ hi	ふ fu	へ he	ほ ho
ま ma	み mi	む mu	め me	も mo
や ya		ゆ yu		よ yo
ら ra	り ri	る ru	れ re	ろ ro
わ wa				を wo
				ん n

 

が ga	ぎ gi	ぐ gu	げ ge	ご go
ざ za	じ ji	ず zu	ぜ ze	ぞ zo
だ da	ぢ ji	づ zu	で de	ど do
ば ba	び bi	ぶ bu	べ be	ぼ bo
ぱ pa	ぴ pi	ぷ pu	ぺ pe	ぽ po

 

きゃ kya	きゅ kyu	きょ kyo
ぎゃ gya	ぎゅ gyu	ぎょ gyo
しゃ sha	しゅ shu	しょ sho
じゃ ja	じゅ ju	じょ jo
ちゃ cha	ちゅ chu	ちょ cho
にゃ nya	にゅ nyu	にょ nyo
ひゃ hya	ひゅ hyu	ひょ hyo
びゃ bya	びゅ byu	びょ byo
ぴゃ pya	ぴゅ pyu	ぴょ pyo
みゃ mya	みゅ myu	みょ myo
りゃ rya	りゅ ryu	りょ ryo